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By: Kristan Frend It seems as though desperate times call for desperate measures- with revenues down and business loans tougher than ever to get, “shelf” and “shell” companies appear to be on the rise. First let’s look at the difference between the two: Shelf companies are defined as corporations formed in a low-tax, low-regulation state in order to be sold off for its excellent credit rating. According to the Better Business Bureau, off-the-shelf structures were historically used to streamline a start-up, but selling them as a way to get around credit guidelines is new, making them unethical and possibly illegal. Shell companies are characterized as fictitious entities created for the sole purpose of committing fraud. They often provide a convenient method for money laundering because they are easy and inexpensive to form and operate. These companies typically do not have a physical presence, although some may set up a storefront. According to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, shell companies may even purchase corporate office “service packages” in order to appear to have established a more significant local presence. These packages often include a state business license, a local street address, an office that is staffed during business hours, a local telephone listing with a receptionist and 24-hour personalized voice mail. In one recent bust out fraud scenario, a shell company operated out of an office building and signed up for service with a voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) provider. While the VoIP provider typically conducts on-site visits to all new accounts, this step was skipped because the account was acquired through a channel partner. During months one and two, the account maintained normal usage patterns and invoices were paid promptly. In month three, the account’s international toll activity spiked, causing the provider to question the unusual account activity. The customer responded with a seemingly legitimate business explanation of activity and offered additional documentation. However, the following month the account contact and business disappeared, leaving the VoIP provider with a substantial five figure loss. A follow-up visit to the business showed a vacant office suite. While it’s unrealistic to think all shelf and shell companies can be identified, there are some tools that can help you verify businesses, identify repeat offenders, and minimize fraud losses. In the example mention above, post-loss account review through Experian’s BizID identified an obvious address discrepancy – 12 businesses all listed at the same address, suggesting that the perpetrator set up numerous businesses and victimized multiple organizations. The moral of the story? Avoid being the next victim and refine and revisit your fraud best practices today. Click here for more information on Experian's BizID

The overarching ‘business driver’ in adopting a risk-based authentication strategy, particularly one that is founded in analytics and proven scores, is the predictive ‘lift’ associated with using scoring in place of a more binary rule set. While basic identity element verification checks, such as name, address, Social Security number, date-of-birth, and phone number are important identity proofing treatments, when viewed in isolation, they are not nearly as effective in predicting actual fraud risk. In other words, the presence of positive verification across multiple identity elements does not, alone, provide sufficient predictive value in determining fraud risk. Positive verification of identity elements may be achieved in customer access requests that are, in fact, fraudulent. Conversely, negative identity element verification results may be associated with both ‘true’ or ‘good’ customers as well as fraudulent ones. In other words, these false positive and false negative conditions lead to a lack of predictive value and confidence as well as inefficient and unnecessary referral and out-sort volumes. The most predictive authentication and fraud models are those that incorporate multiple data assets spanning traditionally used customer information categories such as public records and demographic data, but also utilize, when possible, credit history attributes, and historic application and inquiry records. A risk-based fraud detection system allows institutions to make customer relationship and transactional decisions based not on a handful of rules or conditions in isolation, but on a holistic view of a customer’s identity and predicted likelihood of associated identity theft, application fraud, or other fraud risk. To implement efficient and appropriate risk-based authentication procedures, the incorporation of comprehensive and broadly categorized data assets must be combined with targeted analytics and consistent decisioning policies to achieve a measurably effective balance between fraud detection and positive identity proofing results. The inherent value of a risk-based approach to authentication lies in the ability to strike such a balance not only in a current environment, but as that environment shifts as do its underlying forces.

By: Kristan Frend As if business owners need one more thing to worry about — according to the Javelin Strategy & Research’s 2010 Identity Fraud Survey Report, respondents who defined themselves as “self-employed” or “small business owners” were one-and-a-half times more likely to be victims of identity theft. Intuitively this makes sense- business owners exposure would be higher than the average consumer as their information is viewed more often due to the broad array of business service needs. Also consider the fact that until recently, multiple states had public records containing proprietors social security numbers as tax identification numbers readily accessible on-line. What a perfect storm this has all created! Javelin’s report also explained that while the average fraud incidence for business owners was lower than the average consumers, small business owner’s consumer costs were higher. In other words the small business owner suffered more out of pocket costs for identity theft losses than the average consumer. Experts believe this is due to the fact that commercial accounts often do not receive the same fraud guarantee protections that consumer accounts are afforded. While compliance regulations such as Red Flags Rules will enhance consumer safety, institutions must further develop their prevention and protection methods beyond what is legally required to sufficiently protect their small business customers from future fraud attacks. Small business owner fraud and the challenges organizations face in identifying and mitigating these losses are frequently overlooked and overshadowed by consumer fraud. Simply put, fraud is prevented because fraud is detected- verifying that the business owners is who they say they are using multiple data sources is critical to identifying applicant irregularities and protecting small business owners. A well-executed fraud strategy is more than just good business – it helps reduce small business customer acquisition costs and ultimately allows you to make better business decisions, creating a mutually beneficial relationship between your organization and the small business owner.


