
In this article…
In the early days, streaming services were presented to viewers as convenient alternatives to cable that allowed you to get content whenever you wanted it — without ads. But as standalone streaming platforms have grown in number and prominence, often charging high monthly costs for subscription-based content and continually hiking their rates, many are warming back up to the idea of ads if it means lower monthly fees. Cue free ad-supported TV (FAST) streaming services: free video content with no paid subscription requirement.
These services generate revenue through advertising and deliver content with periodic commercial breaks to support their free model. This option has become popular as viewers have sought out cost-effective alternatives to traditional scheduled television. Free streaming TV platforms such as the Roku Channel, Tubi, and Pluto TV are growing, with one in three U.S. viewers subscribing to free ad-supported TV streaming services. If premium streaming platforms keep raising their monthly costs, we can predict that FAST will continue to grow.
In this article, we’ll talk about the current state of the ad-supported TV climate, including the opportunities and challenges it poses for marketers.
A history of ad-supported TV
Historical context is crucial to understanding the current climate of ad-supported TV and its implications for your marketing.
Before the rise of cable TV, television was free for viewers, with advertisers covering the costs. The first TV commercial, a 10-second spot for the Bulova Watch Company, aired in 1941 during a baseball game and cost the company $9. This ad kickstarted the era in which advertisements funded the TV model, which quickly surpassed radio in popularity and led to an explosion of content. From 1956 to 1988, commercials became embedded in culture, giving rise to marketing icons like Ronald McDonald and memorable campaigns like Nike’s “Just Do It.”
From 1989 to 2006, the world saw the rise of online entertainment and advertising with the invention of the World Wide Web — and subsequently, online video broadcasting and advertising emerged. But between 2007 and 2014, over-the-top (OTT) broadcasting and connected television (CTV) innovation disrupted traditional broadcasting, with ad-supported streaming gaining greater prominence. Platforms like Netflix and Hulu allowed viewers new freedom from the confines of scheduled programming.
By 2022, CTV advertising thrived thanks to programmatic advertising, which allowed businesses to reach targeted audiences with relevant campaigns. Ad-supported streaming became widespread as platforms like Netflix and Disney+ incorporated advertising into their models. Free ad-supported TV (FAST) emerged as a form of advanced television that displaced traditional cable and satellite TV. Recent years have witnessed a notable shift back to ad-supported streaming television due to the proliferation of streaming services, subscription fatigue, and the desire for cost-effective content consumption.
Looking ahead to the future, TV advertising is expected to continue growing with the potential to be influenced by innovations like virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
Why did the popularity fade?
Ad-supported TV waned in popularity due to the introduction of cable TV and subscription-based models. Cable TV offered ad-free content for a subscription fee, which reduced the appeal of traditional ad-supported broadcasts. Uninterrupted content became a critical selling point for cable providers, but it created fragmentation for advertisers and made it more challenging for them to reach their target audience. With cable and, later, satellite TV dominating the market, advertisers had to adapt their strategies.
The decline in the popularity of ad-supported TV led to a decreased reliance on traditional advertising methods, and marketers began exploring alternative avenues to connect with consumers effectively. The recent resurgence of ad-supported TV, particularly in streaming services, indicates a shift in viewer preferences. You can utilize targeted advertising cost-effectively, as viewers prefer free, ad-supported content over subscription-based models.
The resurgence of ad-supported TV models
The resurgence of ad-supported TV models can be partly attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic and changing viewer preferences. In 2020, stay-at-home measures led to a surge in media consumption, and people turned to streaming for entertainment. This shift provided a unique opportunity for ad-supported models to regain popularity. But as viewers explored various streaming options, subscription fatigue set in. Paid streaming proliferation increased costs, and people began reconsidering spending on multiple subscriptions.
The pandemic triggered a fundamental shift in TV consumption and caused viewers to favor ad-supported streaming models that offered free content with occasional commercial breaks. In fact, LG Ad Solutions research revealed that 80% of American TV viewers use free ad-supported streaming services — and 63% express a preference for this model. This finding challenges assumptions made during the initial stages of the pandemic, where subscription-based consumption seemed dominant. The study suggests that as subscription fees accumulated, viewers sought more content without increasing costs, driving a preference for ad-supported streaming.
Furthermore, the landscape of ad-supported TV saw notable entries from major streaming platforms:
- HBO launched its ad-supported model in June 2021.
- Netflix and Disney+ introduced their ad-supported tiers in late 2022.
- Amazon announced in September 2023 that they would be launching their ad-supported service in 2024.
These developments emphasize the industry’s recognition of the demand for ad-supported content and further contribute to the prominence and endurance of this model.
Most popular platforms
A report from Samba TV showed that one in three U.S. viewers subscribes to free ad-supported TV streaming services, such as Pluto TV, Tubi, or the Roku Channel. The report highlights Amazon’s Freevee as a standout due to its high viewership growth in the first half of 2023 compared to competitors. Here are some details to note about Freevee and its major competitors:
Freevee (Amazon Prime)
With a focus on bringing diverse content to its audience, including thousands of premium TV shows and movies, Freevee has positioned itself as a go-to destination for those looking for quality programming without subscription fees. In early 2022, Freevee had 65 million monthly active users, and their ad prices, similar to competitor costs, range between $13 and $24 per day — around $400 and $720 per month, respectively.
Pluto TV (Paramount)
As a pioneer in the FAST streaming space, Pluto TV, now under Paramount, boasts a diverse range of 250+ channels. According to Statista data from November 2022, 8% of Americans watched TV on Pluto on a daily basis, with men watching more often than women. You can strategically engage with Pluto TV’s varied audience for around $999 a month, with advertising costs influenced by factors like viewership and channel prominence.
Tubi (Fox)
Surpassing many competitors in viewership, Tubi, owned by Fox, offers an extensive collection of free content (200,000 movies and TV episodes) and enjoys 74 million active monthly users. Tubi has experienced the fastest growth among young, diverse audiences and has produced or acquired 200 titles that almost 54 million viewers have watched. You can market to viewers on Tubi for $10 to $45 daily or $300 to $1,350 monthly.
The Roku Channel
With over 350 channels and premium original content, The Roku Channel has become an important player in the FAST space. Approximately 38% of streaming hours in U.S. households are spent on the Roku Channel. With Roku Ads Manager, you can get started with only $500.
New players
The FAST industry is seeing an influx of new players all the time, which is contributing to the industry’s growth and innovation. As traditional subscription-based models adapt to include ad-supported tiers, the competition in the ad streaming sphere has intensified, prompting both established and emerging platforms to explore the FAST model. Statista reports that the number of users in the FAST market is expected to reach 1.1 billion by 2028!
The recent entry of industry giants like Netflix into the ad-supported realm has set the stage for significant shifts. When Netflix announced and launched its ad-supported tier in late 2022, the industry experienced a notable spike in CPMs (cost per mille/cost per thousand impressions). This reflected the initial scarcity of users on this tier.
As more subscribers embraced the ad-supported offering, CPMs decreased. Subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) platforms, including Disney+, are also incorporating ad-supported tiers into their models to cater to viewers’ preferences for cost-effective streaming options. Industry reports illustrate a decrease in CPMs as more users engage with ad-supported tiers, which creates a vibrant, competitive environment for advertisers like you.
Free ad-supported streaming vs paid ad-supported TV
The affordability of free ad-supported streaming services is attractive for viewers seeking cost-effective alternatives to traditional cable or non-ad-supported streaming platforms. Platforms like Pluto TV and Tubi provide viewers with a wealth of content without the financial commitment of a subscription. Free ad-supported streaming services like these have gained traction for their cost-effectiveness.
In contrast, paid ad-supported TV models present a unique proposition — pay for the service and enjoy reduced subscription costs by opting for an ad-supported plan. These models provide users with a middle ground between subscription-based and free ad-supported streaming.
The future popularity of free ad-supported streaming versus paid ad-supported streaming is likely to be influenced by a combination of viewer preferences, content strategies, ad experiences, and broader industry dynamics. As both models evolve, streaming services will continue to experiment and adapt to meet the diverse needs of their audiences.
What FAST popularity means for marketers
The shift towards FAST aligns with changing viewer preferences. This makes things easier for your marketing, as you can:
- Engage a broader audience: Without the barriers of subscription fees, and the ability to place ads in front of diverse demographics, you can customize campaigns for specific audiences and ensure your messages resonate with viewer interests.
- Convey your message to a captive audience: The rise of FAST also implies an increased viewership of commercials, as these services typically feature ad-supported models with limited options for viewers to skip or fast-forward through ads, creating a more captive and engaged audience.
- Expand your brand exposure: The cost-effectiveness of ad-supported models provides a valuable avenue for brand exposure without the hefty price tags associated with traditional TV advertising.
As a marketer, it’s essential for you to understand the dynamics of ad-supported TV platforms so you can recognize unique advertising formats, optimize campaign frequency to prevent ad fatigue, and embrace the potential for localization and personalization. As advertising evolves with the growing popularity of FAST, you have an opportunity to stay ahead of the curve, craft compelling campaigns, and maximize your reach at a time when ad-supported streaming is at the forefront of entertainment.
The future of ad-supported TV
The re-emergence of ad-supported TV, along with recent innovations, indicates that the future of this model is bright.
Teevee Corporation, a hardware startup led by the co-founder of Pluto TV, is an excellent example. It is set to unveil a groundbreaking ad-supported physical television that won’t cost consumers a single cent — as long as they’re okay with a second integrated screen that displays ads while they watch the main screen. This TV is distinct from streaming services and uses automatic content recognition (ACR) for contextually relevant ad delivery. Teevee’s approach introduces a new dimension to viewer engagement that combines traditional broadcasting with targeted advertising.
Major streaming platforms are actively contributing to the evolution of ad-supported TV as well. Amazon made the strategic move to bring Amazon Original titles and additional ad-supported channels to Freevee to demonstrate its commitment to the ad-supported market. The platform introduced 23 new ad-supported TV channels from major entertainment players such as Warner Bros. Discovery and MGM. As a result, Amazon’s Freevee experienced tremendous growth in viewership in the first half of 2023, up 11% year-over-year.
These recent advances illustrate what the future of streaming with ad-supported TV may look like moving forward, where hardware innovation meets strategic content integration, and major platforms compete to enhance their ad-supported offerings.
How Experian can help
Although the FAST industry is rapidly evolving, Experian stands at the forefront with powerful data-driven solutions that empower you to take advantage of this valuable marketing opportunity.
Consumer Sync is a robust identity solution that empowers advertisers by facilitating collaboration and offering insights that contribute to more effective and targeted FAST campaigns. Audience segmentation, attribution, and campaign optimization play vital roles in FAST advertising. Our Consumer View solution provides industry-leading data solutions for audience segmentation, which allows marketers to predict buying behaviors and deliver personalized experiences.
Connect with Experian’s TV experts
As you explore the possibilities of ad-supported TV, Experian offers the expertise and solutions you need to elevate your marketing strategies. Connect with our TV experts today to gain a deeper consumer understanding, refine your targeting, and ensure the success of your campaigns.
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In the post-cookie landscape, staying ahead requires innovative strategies and partnerships. This case study dives into how MiQ, a leader in the cookieless era, strengthened its Identity Spine with the integration of Experian's cross-device Graph. Challenge MiQ faced a pivotal challenge in avoiding a static approach to strategies and partners while evolving its cookieless initiatives. MiQ aimed to build omnichannel interoperability by integrating privacy-first partners into its Identity Spine. MiQ's primary objectives included: Reaching target audiences in privacy-compliant ways. Expanding their cookieless targeting solutions. Maintaining or increasing the scale expected from cookie-based targeting. Solution To address these challenges, MiQ strategically incorporated Experian's cross-device Graph into its proprietary Identity Spine. MiQ's Identity Spine seamlessly connects over 60 cookieless data feeds and 25 ID solutions. The integration allowed MiQ to: Create a unified view: MiQ now has a unified view of its clients' target audiences, enhancing its understanding and targeting capabilities. Increase scale: By matching first-party data to multiple universal IDs, MiQ expanded its reach across devices, contributing to a 51% increase in seed audience reach and a 64% increase in universal IDs. Improve efficiency: The combination of Experian's data with MiQ's Identity Spine facilitated cross-device ID resolution, leading to more accurate measurement and reporting. Experian's global data coverage complemented MiQ's regional expertise, amplifying global reach and adaptability to changing regulations. "Experian's Graph has bolstered our already comprehensive, multi-ID Identity Spine with incredible data on cross-device ownership and cross-channel behavior."Georgie Haig, Strategy and Partnerships Director, MiQ Digital Results The integration of Experian's data solution significantly contributed to the success of MiQ's Identity Spine expansion. The results speak volumes: A 51% increase in seed audience reach across devices. A 64% boost in reaching audiences through universal IDs. Experian's Graph added 6.5 devices to each matched IP address, enhancing scale and targeting capabilities. A 70% match rate in associating MiQ-provided IP addresses with universal IDs. These outcomes showcase how Experian's Graph empowered MiQ to find, grow, and measure customers across screens, providing a future-proofed solution for evolving industry challenges. Evolve your cookieless strategies with Experian MiQ's Identity Spine sustains its success through a robust data partnership with Experian, a partnership that continuously evolves as MiQ explores expanded applications of our products. The exploration aims to further enrich MiQ's data-driven solutions. Download the full case study to uncover the strategies that empowered MiQ's successful expansion of its Identity Spine with Experian's Graph. Your path to navigating the cookieless landscape, enhanced targeting, and measurement starts here. Download the full case study About MiQ Digital MiQ is a global programmatic media partner for marketers and agencies, with 19 offices across Europe, North America, and the Asia-Pacific region. They specialize in connecting data from multiple sources to solve business problems for their clients. They are award-winning experts in data science, analytics, and programmatic trading, focused on ensuring clients' media investments are spent on the right audiences in the right environments. To learn more, please visit www.wearemiq.com. Latest posts

In this article… What are retail media networks? How important is it to advertise with RMNs? Trends with big RMNs Reasons behind these trends Crafting your RMN ad strategy Digital advertising experienced a transformative shift in 2023, with retail media networks emerging as a focal point for advertisers seeking precision and efficacy. These networks defined how brands connect with consumers, utilizing the unique environment of digital storefronts to deliver targeted and personalized advertisements. Below, we'll discuss the diverse landscape of retail media networks, examples of these platforms, and how Experian is at the forefront of empowering advertisers within this evolving marketing ecosystem. What are retail media networks? A retail media network (RMN) is an advertising platform retailers use in their digital storefronts or online platforms. 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Instacart Instacart has a retail media network through its own platform and a tool called Carrot Ads, which helps grocery store chains develop RMNs through Instacart. It has a network of over 1,400 retail brands, helping advertisers reach their target audience. Advertisers have access to insights and automation to create relevant ads and track their progress. Companies like Sprouts are using Carrot Ads to create and grow their own RMNs. Together, Instacart and Sprouts offer brands a unique opportunity by facilitating targeted online campaigns on Sprouts’ website. This collaboration provides access to metrics like sales and ROAS, offering a comprehensive view of campaign performance. DoorDash DoorDash offers a comprehensive suite of advertising tools for restaurants and brands to expand their reach on the DoorDash marketplace. This flexible advertising platform extends across diverse categories, like restaurants, grocery, convenience, alcohol, and more. 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As we approach the 2024 election season, the advertising landscape is poised for tremendous growth, with political ad spending projected to surpass $10 billion. With Kamala Harris entering the race, spending priorities have moved, especially in key states like Ohio, where the Senate race alone has already seen $300 million in ad spending. Connected TV’s (CTV’s) share of political ad spending is set to jump from 2.7% in 2020 to 12.8% this year. The Harris campaign is leading the charge, allocating $200 million for digital ads, much of which will go to streaming platforms. During this political campaign marketing season, effective audience targeting is crucial, as it holds the potential to sway voters, shape public opinion, and ultimately determine election outcomes. In this blog post, we'll highlight political audiences that can assist political campaigns and organizations in connecting with their desired audiences in a meaningful and impactful way. Three political campaign marketing audience categories Over 240 politically relevant audiences are available on-the-shelf of leading TV, demand, and supply platforms to help your political partners gain share based on three political audience categories: Political affiliations Political personas Relevant ballot initiative audiences Let's break down each category and which audiences you can use in your political campaign marketing to target voters this upcoming election season. Political affiliations Target audiences could include those who are likely to be in the Democratic, Independent, or Republican parties, or are likely to not be registered to a political party. Our political affiliation audiences use a foundation of voter registration data with Experian's advanced statistical models to reach voters at scale, based on their political party. Here are four audience segments that you can activate to target voters based on their predicted party affiliation: Political Affiliation > Democrat Political Affiliation > Republican Political Affiliation > Independent/Other Political Affiliation > Unregistered Political personas One key target audience could be voters who are likely to be influenced by a political candidate's renewable energy program. Additional target audiences could include those who are likely to be influenced by a candidate's position on the economy or healthcare. Here are 10 audience segments that you can activate to target voters based on their viewpoints on key political issues: Political Personas > Political Unregistered Liberal Leaning Political Personas > Political Unregistered Conservative Leaning Political Personas > Committed Democrats Political Personas > Moderate Democrats Political Personas > Political Leaning Liberals Political Personas > Liberal Leaning Independents Political Personas > Conservative Leaning Independent Political Personas > Political Leaning Conservatives Political Personas > Moderate Republicans Political Personas > Committed Republicans To reach voters who believe the environment is a key political issue, you can layer in our GreenAware audiences with our Political Personas audiences: GreenAware > Behavioral Greens GreenAware > Think Greens GreenAware > Potential Greens GreenAware > True Browns Psychographic/Attitudes > Shopping Behavior > Smart Greens To reach voters based on their regional voting patterns, you can use our new battleground counties and district audiences: Affiliation Switcher Counties Battleground Counties House Battleground Districts Democrat Counties Republican Counties Independent Counties Relevant ballot initiative audiences You can also reach voters based on their attitudes and behaviors related to key ballot measures. Let's walk through a few examples below and highlight relevant syndicated audiences that you can activate during the 2024 political campaign marketing season. Local and national ballot initiative support Consumer behaviors are often great predictors of down-ballot initiatives. For example, military families may show favor toward initiatives supporting veterans, households with children present may show more interest in school funding, and those interested in the environment will favor green initiatives. Experian offers an array of consumer behavior and interests audiences to help you fine-tune your targeting and messaging strategies. Lifestyle and Interests (Affinity) > Occupation > Military – Active Demographics > Presence of Children > Ages: 0-18 Charitable causes Understanding where consumers are actively donating to charitable causes paints a clear picture into their political interests. Lifestyle and Interests (Affinity) > Charitable Causes > Contributes to Political Charities Consumer Financial Insights > Discretionary Spend – Donations > $1,000-$1,999 Demographics Demographics play a critical role into voter opinions with presence of children, age, and household income influencing decisions at the polls. Geo-Indexed > Demographics > Household Income: $50,000-$74,999 Geo-Indexed > Demographics > Education: Bachelor Degree Demographics > Presence of Children > Ages: 10-12 Demographics > Marital status > Single Demographics > Ages > 19-24 Lifestyle and Interests (Affinity) > Moms, Parents, Families > Mothers with infant child(ren) (0-3 yrs old) Millions of campaign dollars were wasted in the 2022 midterm elections when voters were targeted with ads for issues and candidates they couldn’t vote for. Using advances in geo-targeting can help save wasted spend and ensure relevant messages reach the right voters. Finance Income and large financial decisions often trigger changes in perspective and influence voter behaviors. Financial FLA Friendly1 > Income > $1,000-$24,999 Financial FLA Friendly > In Market New Mortgage Financial FLA Friendly > In Market Auto Loan Media consumption and engagement Media consumption and engagement offers great insights into how voter interest, current channel engagement, and engagement in political issues. TrueTouch: Communication Preferences > Engagement Channel Preference > Email Engagement TrueTouch: Communication Preferences > Engagement Channel Preference > Streaming TV Social Media > Snapchat Purchase Transactions > Ad Responders > Digital Television (TV) > Ad Avoiders/Ad Acceptors > Ad Acceptors Mosaic Proprietary persona-based audience solution that combines demographic and behavioral data to create a holistic view of voters and their interests. Mosaic – Personas – Lifestyle and Interests > Group O: Singles and Starters > O55 – Family Troopers Occupation Provides the opportunity to deliver targeted messaging on measures based on a consumer’s occupation. Demographics > Occupation > Management/Business and Financial Operations Demographics > Occupation > Sales Demographics > Occupation > Farming/Fish/Forestry Consumer Behaviors > At-Home: Retired/Empty Nesters Consumer Behaviors > Occupation: Education Personal views Understand consumers personal views around family, their social and work life. Psychographic/Attitudes > Personal Views > Work Centered Psychographic/Attitudes > Personal Views > Family Centered Psychographic/Attitudes > Personal Views > Social Isolation We can help you match your message to your audience With Experian's political audiences, you can confidently execute your political campaign marketing, knowing our audiences are based on voter registration data and advanced predictive technology. Our highly accurate models are validated by our expert audience team to ensure precise targeting and drive impact and influence with the right audience. We understand that finding a trusted data provider can be a challenge, which is why we make it easy to access our syndicated audiences. For a full list of all of Experian's syndicated audiences, download our syndicated audiences guide. Download our syndicated audiences guide You can activate our political audiences on-the-shelf of most major platforms. Can't find the audience you're looking for or need a custom audience? Connect with our audience team for more information. Connect with our audience team Footnote “Fair Lending Friendly” indicates data fields that Experian has made available without use of certain demographic attributes that may increase the likelihood of discriminatory practices prohibited by the Fair Housing Act (“FHA”) and Equal Credit Opportunity Act (“ECOA”). These excluded attributes include, but may not be limited to, race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, disability, handicap, family status, ancestry, sexual orientation, unfavorable military discharge, and gender. Experian’s provision of Fair Lending Friendly indicators does not constitute legal advice or otherwise assures your compliance with the FHA, ECOA, or any other applicable laws. Clients should seek legal advice with respect to your use of data in connection with lending decisions or application and compliance with applicable laws. Latest posts